nick-raynsford-mp

Rhetorically speaking Does anyone, in a perverse ...

2006-11-20T19:18:00.000-08:00

Rhetorically speaking
Does anyone, in a perverse way, actually like it when you have your shrink appointment on a day when you actually feel depressed? Such is the case with your Unpleasant correspondent. Tired, post-Karaoke, not working, and trying to wrestle with writing projects.

Something about you.. Something About You - Five ...

2006-04-26T19:01:00.000-07:00

Something about you..

Something About You - Five For Fighting...
I don't know where to begin
I don't know how to get out there to see you
I don't know where to dig in.
I don't know how to get in there:to feel you

It's been to long and I'm about to be in time for me
It's been to long and I'm in time

Baby there's something about you that
I can hold on to
I'm going to hold on to that
Baby there's something about you that
I can hold on to
I'm going to hold on to that

I never thought I would win
I never thought much about that.
(It's been a long time coming)
I never stopped to begin
Thinking about the process.
(It's been a long time coming)

It's been to long and I'm about to be in time for me
It's been to long and I'm in time

Baby there's something about you that
I can hold on to
I'm going to hold on to that
Baby there's something about you that
I can hold on to
I'm going to hold on to that

I don't know where to begin
I don't know how to get out there to see you

Baby there's something about you that
I can hold on to
I'm going to hold on to that
Baby there's something about you that
I can hold on to
I'm going to hold on to that

It's been a long time coming
I'm going to hold on to that

And I'm going to be there:be there:alright

We saw ourselves 3h.

2006-04-15T11:04:00.000-07:00

I had appointment today for one 1st repetition with my pal of the "Laboratory" for entammer work on "Dogs Tank".

After some Italian to put to us in the bath, we started to repeat the scene.

There I adore this moment in work. All is virgin, any remainder to be built, one seeks, one corrects, one experienced.

It is the supreme phase of freedom. No displacement is still fixed, one is just let carry by the scene, in dynamics to take our reference marks, to find the relationship between us, to listen to us well and answer us etc...

It is really exciting like phase of work.

What was enough also graying, it was to see the things starting to exist between us.

Well on, it is only stage 1 of work (stage 0 being to work on our characters, while answering certain questions, then while speaking about it together), and it remains 1000 stages to be crossed.

But already there, after this working day, I think that my partner and me can be trustful on what can give this scene.

With work, reflexion on both sides, I am closely convinced that we can lead to create a scene truly very intense.

What is very also liking, it is the fact that we get along one cannot better with this actor, and especially, we respect ourselves.

Humanly, well on. But artistically also, and that it is important.

No actor is identical, and and me let us be to him of the different actors by nature. Any actor is single and present its own forces, gaps, richnesses, releases something of different.

At the same time, I am those which think that there is of the "family of actors".

Both let us have a certain power on a plate, an intensity, an emotional captial, and a propensity to appreciate to incarnate intense roles particularly, in the emotion, and darker than "pouet pouet".

That does not mean that we cannot make another thing.

But like our coach says it to us: "will be able to do it already well for what you are made, before thinking of wanting absolutely to do something which could be more distant from you. You will have all the time to show other things of you once that you will have already found your trick ".

It is right.

It is clear that as well for him as for me, so tomorrow we must be engaged, it will not be for the continuation of "Soup to cabbages".

Also, a scene such as "Dogs Tank" is really a superb occasion of being able to measure us one with the other, to beat us on a plate.

And it combat will be interesting.

We envisaged to repeat one second time, before planning, if necessary, to present the scene at our coach.

In the best of the cases, perhaps will be able to present it to us in nearest weekend. If not, to the maximum, it will be the different one.

One will see well.

In any case, the things seem well left.

Let us see what the continuation holds for us, without pressure, and by keeping the pleasure of play that we had today.

We will have all the time to take the head in the months to us which come;)

Mall

2006-03-01T19:03:00.000-08:00

Mall which makes hot in the heart of my agent
Yesterday, I find a mall of my agent which informs me of an event of which it thinks that it can be interesting that I assist.

Meetings to which certain professionals will be invited

I answers him, benefitting from this occasion to hold it informed of my steps: the contact with the director of castings recently for the feature film in preparation (here), my candidature retained for short-measuring whodunnit carried out by a professional realizer whose film is with the poster currently and of which I will pass the tests the next week (here), my sending of a mail for a very large realizer with which I am in contact since years (here), as well as a sending of a mail for a casting of a serial TV (I did not speak you yet).

I have just found his response to my mall.

A very short answer, but which makes hot in the heart....

An answer or she says all to me it although she thinks of me and that she believes in me (you will understand that I cannot deliver the response in detail by respect of our exchange).

In short, that to ask moreover?

An agent, it is a collaborator. A person who agrees to work with an actor because it believes in his actor and wants to fight for him.

And how much friends actors regret not having a relation of confidence, thus established with their agent?

This evening, I feel one cannot better. To know that one is more alone, and that a person is there for you is one cannot more pleasant for an actor.

I am charmed to have given him "Phantom", so that my agent knows some more about me as an actor and can have thus seen me playing.

Therefore, super, all rolls, very good period currently.

I feel one cannot better!

Vikings

2006-03-01T18:12:00.000-08:00

During the period which extends from year 800 at the year 1050 after J.C., the people of North made their spectacular entry on the European scene. They took it by storm, terrorizing companies organized already well which were, certainly, accustomed to the war, but not to striking down tactical Vikings. However, the relationship between Scandinavia and the rest of Europe did not have anything again. The archaeological excavations show that the cultural trade and contacts go up at several millenia before J.C.. Nevertheless, the Scandinavian countries constituted an outpost distant being of only one political and economic interest limited for the rest of Europe.
By Arne Emil Christensen
This situation changes little before year 800. In 793, the monastery of Lindisfarne, on the East coast of England, is devastated by foreign pirates; it is of this same time that the first accounts go back telling to similar forwardings in other places in Europe. The chronicles and the two centuries tales following contain worrying reports/ratios on the Vikings. Boats, in more or less many fleets, attacked all the European coasts. The Vikings went up the rivers of France and from Spain, made themselves main the of greatest part of the Irish territory, of vast extended from grounds in England, took the control of the Russian river valleys and the Baltic coast. One found accounts of forwardings in the Mediterranean, and, in the east, to the Caspian Sea. Taking Kiev like starting point, the men of North were enough bold to try to attack Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. Finally, the acts of plundering made place to colonization. The place names are revealing of the importance of the population Viking in the north of England, all around York. Further, in the south, there was a vast territory which one called Danelaw. The islands of the north of Scotland transfer to develop a population semi-Scandinavian semi-Celt and prosperous companies were established in Iceland and in Greenland.
The expansion towards the west was completed by an unfruitful attempt at colonization in North America. About the year 1000, populations from Iceland and from Greenland, sailing towards the west, discovered grounds, and the sagas speak to us about several forwardings of which some were undertaken with an aim of installing colonies there. But of the conflicts rose between the colonists and the Indians autochtones, or with the Eskimos, and the new ones come had to give up their projects.
Research made to identify the places of unloading of the men of North led to places as different as Labrador or Manhattan, according to various interpretations' of the Icelandic sagas. In the years 1960, Anne-Stine and Helge Ingstad found the site of one of the premièrs rural fields established on the coast in the north of Newfoundland. The excavations showed that it acted of a construction similar to those which one finds in Iceland and in Greenland. Moreover objects of Scandinavian manufacture dating from the year 1000 were put approximately there at the day. Had these objects belonged to these colonies about which the sagas spoke or came from other forwardings of which we do not know anything? It is impossible to answer this question. These excavations prove however that, as tell it the Icelandic sagas, of the Scandinavian navigators really reached the north of the American continent around the year 1000.
Poverty and overpopulation
Which are thus the reasons of this warlike expansion in the space of some generations? Stable states such as the Anglo-Saxon France and kingdoms in England seem not to have resisted the swords of the attackers a long time. As one could expect it, their description, transmitted by the chronicles of the time, is deformed; the Vikings are introduced to us like robbers and abominable gangsters. What they were really... Mais they was to refer also other of character. Some their chiefs doubtless were of the extremely skilful administrators. An effective military tactic could make it possible to gain a victory, but the Vikings as founded kingdoms in the territories as they had conquered. Some of them did not survive the period Viking, such those of Dublin and York. But Iceland is always a prosperous nation. The kingdom Viking of Kiev threw the bases of the Russian Empire and one very clearly finds the traces of the organizing genius of the Vikings chiefs in the island of Man and in Normandy.
One found in Denmark of the vestiges of fortresses dating from the end of this period. They were used for important armed forces. These fortresses circular, are divided into quadrants, and inside each one of these four sections rises a square construction. The precision even of this architecture testifies to an acute direction to the order and organization. Obviously, at the court of the king of Denmark certain people had a thorough knowledge of the topographic and geometrical techniques.
In addition to the accounts coming from Western Europe, we have written sources emanating of other contemporary Vikings, Arab travellers and travellers coming from Byzance. Short inscriptions were even found on the ground Viking - the runes, engraved in wood and the stone. The sagas of XIIème and XIIIème centuries have also things to reveal us over the time Viking, even if they were consigned several generations afterwards.
The Vikings came from regions become today Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Their company was rural and autarkical; to work of the farm and breeding were added hunting and fishing, the extraction of iron and the exploitation of the stone quarries to manufacture grindstones and kitchen utensils. Even if the farmers generally lived of their own products, certain food products were to be bought - salt for example, as necessary to the man as with the cattle.
Salt is a food product which one uses daily; one was going to buy it more close possible, while one was going to seek more in the south in Europe the luxury articles. Iron, the stones to be sharpened and the kitchen utensils were important products of export out of steatite. And they contributed a share essential with the commercial expansion of this period. Even at the times when Scandinavian forwardings were numerous, the trade continued between Western Europe and the Scandinavian countries. One of rare testimonys which we have on the living conditions in Norway of the time was consigned by a chief of Norway of North, Ottar. It returned visit to king Alfred de Wessex whereas at the same time king Alfred guerroyait against other Vikings chiefs.
One made it clear that the expansion Viking of the time was due to the fact that, the population having increased, the local economic resources had become insufficient. The archaeological discoveries however having shown that in same time one built new farms in little populated forest areas, it would seem that the population increase was only one of the factors of this expansion. The important iron layers had also their importance: they made it possible to manufacture weapons for all those which left in forwarding, and these weapons were one of the elements of the superiority Viking.
Tactical advantages of the boats Vikings
In Scandinavia, the construction of the boats contributed to the tactical preponderance of the Vikings. A Swedish archaeologist known good wrote that the boats Vikings are the only boats of great navigability and being able to carry out unloadings ever to be used by forces of invasion. Even if it is an exaggeration, that largely explains the secrecy of the military superiority of the Vikings. Many accounts of their attacks consolidate this theory. The element of surprise was of primary importance. A fast attack by the sea, of the light boats which did not have no need for a port - thus being able to approach a coast where one waited it less - one fast retirement before the release of a counter-offensive, such were the elements of this tactic.
According to whether they were Danish, Swedish or Norwegian, the Vikings were interested in different geographical areas, even if if often some met to take part in common forwardings when the most famous chiefs took the sea. In general the Swedes travelled towards the east and controlled the trade-circuits into sailing on the Russian rivers. At the time of archaeological excavations in Sweden, one found great quantities of Arab currencies silver which testify to the intensive trade of the time. The Danes travelled towards the south, the Plank, France and the south of England while the Norwegians put the course on the west and the North-West, towards the north of England, Scotland, Ireland, the Orkneys, the Shetland and the Faroe ones.
The boats were not only necessary for the trade and warlike forwardings; they were also the prerequisite to a successful colonization when whole families, with cattle and luggage, sailed towards new grounds. The dangerous crossings of the North Atlantic, towards the Orkneys, the Shetland, the Faroe ones, Iceland and Greenland prove that the manufacturers of ships of the time Viking built boats of a very great navigability and whose speed allowed attacks in the area of the North Sea. The sailors discovered new grounds, colonists succeeded it, or the latter were going to settle there after having listened to the accounts of the travellers, who, returned their warlike or commercial forwardings, evoked these foreign grounds where one lived in abundance.
In certain regions the Vikings appear to have carried out transfers of local populations; in others, such north of England, it seems that the principal activity of the men of North was the breeding and that they used grounds not very interesting for the local cereal farmers.
Those which were in Iceland and in Greenland discovered virgin lands. Except perhaps some monks Irish installed in Iceland, which was not going to be long in leaving "because they could not support to have the pagan ones for neighbors", it would seem that Iceland and the areas of Greenland colonized by the Vikings were not inhabited when the men of North approached there.
The contemporary references of which we lay out on the Vikings us primarily come from Western Europe; it is thus not astonishing that the inhabitants of this area, having made bitter experiments with the invaders, presented them to us under their worst aspects. The archaeological excavations practised so much in country Viking than on the spot where they founded colonies moderate this image. We discovered in farms, dependences, on the places of market of the time, the objects lost or put at the reject which testify to an ordinary everyday life.
We discovered traces of iron extraction in the mountainous areas, where the iron ore, the peat and of very great quantities of firewood had allowed the rise of a flourishing industry. One also found and analyzed the stone and quarry floor which one used steatite for the potteries, to be sharpened of an exceptional quality. Happy circumstances enabled us to put at the day of very old fields having been cultivated then left in fallow. One found in these places of stone accumulations which the peasants of formerly had drawn aside, piled up painfully to be able to cultivate; and an attentive examination even enables us to detect traces of furrows left by the plough of the Vikings.
Cities and kingdoms
While the company Viking evolved/moved, the clans of notable accumulated grounds and capacities, throwing the foundations of future kingdoms; thus the first cities were founded. De Staraja Ladoga and Kiev in Russia in York and Dublin, in British Isles, it is possible for us to reconstitute the everyday life of the townsmen. Trade and craft industry created gone and quoted. Even if their inhabitants probably devoted themselves to their traditional occupations (breeding, agricultural work and fishing, to provide for the family needs), it is certain that the cities depended on agricultural produce coming from the neighbouring areas. The account of Ottar to king Alfred speaks about the market of Kaupang close to Larvik (Norway of the South). Kaupang was to remain a market, whereas one could qualify Birka cities, on the edges of the lake Mälar in Sweden, and Hedeby, at the German-Danish border. Both were abandoned at the end of the period Viking, but Ribe, in Western Jutland (Denmark), is always prosperous, just like York and Dublin. In these cities, we find zones organized well with well defined pieces, strengthened roads and enclosures. Some of these cities were obviously built according to rules' of town planning. Many were created in accordance with the will the kings who, directly or by the intermediary of right-hand men, intervened in the city planning and the distribution of the grounds. We can note that the evacuation of the refuse and maintenance worried them less than the layout of the cities, as testify to them the waste grounds in thick layers which were found. The odors were to be unbearable for the inhabitants. We find today objects of the everyday life of the time, since the refuses coming from the various workshops of craftsmen to the chips and the lice, and it is possible for us to reconstitute this life: pêle-mix, one sees there certain objects come probably by far, the such Arab silver currencies or the silk trade of Byzance, and the local production of the blacksmiths, the shoe-makers and the carders.
Scandinavian gods
With the end of the era Viking the Scandinavian countries all were almost converted with Christianity. It succeeded a paganism which had its Pantheon of gods and goddesses, each one exerting its power in the field which was clean for him. Odin, old man and wise, were their chief. Thor was the god of the warriors while the Frøj goddess was the goddess of the fertility of the ground and the cattle. Loke was cheating and a wizard on whom one could not count and in which them other gods did not have confidence. The gods had dangerous adversaries the jotuns, (or giants) which represented the obscure face of the life.
We know especially the pagan gods by the manuscripts of the beginning of christianization, accounts undoubtedly influenced by the new faith. Names of farms such as Thorshov, Frøyshov or Onsaker reveal their pagan origin (thanks to the name of the god whom they evoke (Thor, Frøy or Odin). Today still the Norwegian place names having their last syllable in hov indicate that there was formerly on these sites of the pagan temples dedicated to these gods. The gods referred human of character and, just like their Greek counterparts of Olympe, they carried out a life dissolue. They fought, made feast and were devoted to drinking bouts. The mortals who fell to the combat were going directly to feast with the gods and the funerary practices state clearly that the late ones had the same material needs in the life after death as ici-bas. At the time dead Viking it could be buried or incinerated but in both cases the funerary present were necessary. The importance of the luggage that the late one carried with him attests, just like the variety of the funerary traditions, its social condition during its terrestrial existence. In Norway, these traditions were particularly rich. Thus the tombs are an extraordinary mine of information on the everyday life. All that was planned for beyond us gives an outline on their universe - even if time made its work and that there remains only some remains of the buried objects.
The vestiges found in the tombs come to enrich our material coming from the excavations on the spot where the Vikings lived. On these sites, which they are rural fields or cities, we find objects damaged or stray, houses in ruin, waste of food or refuses coming from the workshops of craftsmen, and we find in the burials some of the most refined personal effects the late ones.
A company forces
One recognizes the violence of this company to the fact that the tombs of the men contain almost all of the weapons. A warrior equipped well was to have a sword, a shield out of wooden provided in his medium with an iron protection for the hand, a lance, an axe and an arc which could have to 24 arrows. The helmets and the coats of mail with which the majority of the Vikings are represented nowadays are extremely rare in the archaeological material. The helmets with horns which one finds today in all descriptions were ever found among the objects going back to this period. Even in the tombs containing the most impressive quantities of weapons, we find more peaceful indices of activities: sickles, forgeries and hoes rest beside the weapons. The blacksmith was buried with his hammer, his clippers, his anvil and his file. The alive farmer at the edge of water preserved his equipment of fisherman and it was often buried in a boat. One often put personal jewels in the burials of the women, as well as object and kitchen utensils being used for the fabric clothes industry. The boats were also often used as burial to the women. All that is objects out of wooden, out of leather and textiles generally the stay in the ground, also our knowledge comprise did not resist many gaps.
Some tombs buried in the ground were preserved better than of others: in many places of the fjord of Oslo, we found, just below the peat, of blue clay, dense and tight. After some thousand years, certain burials are still in rather good state and that enabled us to find a whole sampling of objects. The treasures of the enormous boat-tombs Vikings to Oseberg, Gokstad and Tune, boats which one can see with the Museum of the boats Vikings, in Bygdøy, Oslo, are a perfect example of the gift made with the future generations when the conditions of conservation are satisfactory. We do not know who were the late ones, but obviously they belonged to the higher class of the company: perhaps with the royal family, which, some generations later, will make of Norway a plain nation.
The tomb of Oseberg was a large boat used like funerary room; it is thought that it goes back to 850 after J.C., and that of Gokstad and Tune, one or two generations afterwards. Only the hull of the boat of Tune was preserved; the plunderers of tombs made disappear almost all that it contained. But it remains about it sufficiently to return account to us that in the beginning this boat was as beautiful as the two others. The boat of Tune measured a score of meters length, that of Oseberg approximately 22 meters and that of Gokstad 24 meters.
For the funeral, one brought the boat on the ground closes and one placed it in a pit. One installed a funerary room behind the mast, and on the bed which it contained one put the late one covered of his more beautiful atours. One stored in this room of abundant provisions, the dogs and the sacrificed horses, then one raised large a tumulus above the ship.
An Arab travelling to Russia at the end of IXème century met there Vikings who proceeded to the funeral of one their chiefs. Ibn Fadlan consigned its observations on a newspaper which we could find: the boat of the chief deceased had been hoisted out of water; all the valuable articles had been put there, and one had installed on a bed the body of late covered beautiful clothing. There was also a slave who, having chosen to follow his Master in death, had been sacrificed, as well as a horse and a gun dog. The boat and all that it contained were then flaring, and a high funerary hillock above ashes. We found in the Scandinavian countries and in Western Europe, in the old colonies Vikings, of the boats which had been flarings in the same way, but the large tombs along the fjord of Oslo were saved. We found a man in the boat of Gokstad and it is probable that there was also in that of Tune. However two women were buried in the boat of Oseberg. One of the skeletons is that of a woman from 50 to 60 years, the other that of a woman from 20 to 30 years. But as for knowing which of both was as follows or the injury of noble birth, we are reduced by it to the speculations.
The tombs of Oseberg and Gokstad have both summer ransacked by the plunderers of tombs, so that the jewels and the weapons of luxury which they were to surely contain could be found. But the objects out of wooden, leather and the textiles which were not of any interest for the robbers remained. There are vestiges of similar tombs elsewhere and it seems that the use wanted that one puts in the tombs of the dogs and the sacrificed horses, beautiful weapons, the material of navigation (such of the oars, a board of wharf, scoops), pans being used to the crew, a tent, and often of the beautiful bronze crockery imported. Without any doubt this crockery formerly contained the food and drinks intended for the late one.
There was no trace of weapons in the tomb of Oseberg, which is rather logical, acting of a tomb of woman. But all the other ordinary equipment was there. Moreover the objects offered to the injury of noble birth testified to its dignity of administrator and wife having lived on a rich person field. We suppose that the women assumed the total responsibility for the management of the field when the men missed. The woman of Oseberg was, like numbers the her contemporary ones, an authoritative and very respected injury, that it is with other women, or that it is with her stopper rod, in front of her weaving loom, that it supervises the agricultural work or the draft of the cows, or the manufacture of cheese and butter. In addition to the boat, it carried a carriage and three sledges. It was ready with any possibility and left in beauty. The number of horses necessary had been sacrificed to draw the carriage and the sledges.
One found well in this tomb other things: a tent, kitchen utensils, tools to manufacture the fabrics, trunks and small boxes for valuable articles, a board with bread, milk buckets and equivocal, a carving knife and a frying pan, shovels and rakes, a saddle, a collar of dog. Among the provisions there were also two cut down oxen; on a large board with bread out of wooden, a paste of rye flour and setting to raising, and, for the dessert, there were apples in a nicely decorated bucket.
Among the many objects out of wooden, much were carved. It is probable that several artists worked in the field of the late one. Even things as utility as the silts of the sledge were out of worked wood. Except the excavations of Oseberg, the essence of our knowledge on art Viking comes us from the jewels from small size. The choice of the reasons is the same one as for carved wood. The artists were interested in the stylized representations of animals. They were animals imaginary, twisted and intermingled in a tight tangle with volutes. These worked objects are superb examples of a very elaborate craft industry; the wood-carvers of Oseberg were to be as skilful to handle the scissors and the knives with sheath as the combat swords or axes.
The man buried in the boat of Gokstad, also, employed the talents of a wood-carver to him, even if the objects which we discovered are not as richly decorated as those with Oseberg. The boat of Oseberg had a frank-bord relatively low and it was appropriate better for navigation by good weather. With thirty oarsmen or a favorable wind, it was to be fast means of transport. The boat of Gokstad is probably the personal boat of a fortunate man and not a truth drakkar makes to transport many warriors. It had been conceived to better hold the sea that that of Oseberg. It is what one noted when one crossed the Atlantic by using counterparts of this ship. The design of the hull ensured its speed, whether it is into sailing with the sail or the thirty-two oarsmen. Even with the complete crew, the boat of Gokstad did not have more than one meter of draught; also it could have been easily used to attack foreign coasts. It is quite possible that the experience gained by the Vikings during their frequent crossings at the beginning of IXe S. led to a fast evolution of the design of the hull. If this assumption is the maid, then the differences between the boat of Oseberg and that of Gokstad are the fruit of the experiment of two generations having sailed at sea of North, and of long discussions between the manufacturers in search of improvements.
Thousand years of evolution
The boats Vikings were built with covering joints. The ships used to reach the remote shores were the ten century old product of life at sea of North. The manufacturers endeavoured to build boats flexible, light, subjecting to the combined forces wind and sea, using the elements instead of being opposed to it. The hull of the boats Vikings was built on a solid skittle which, with a finely curved arc, formed the framework of the boat. The boards were adapted one after the other to the skittle and the prow, themselves attached together by iron rivets. This hull in the shape of shell gave force and flexibility. After having given to the boat the wanted form, the manufacturer put made wood frames of naturally curved trees, which made the ship more solid. To increase the flexibility one bound the boards to the frames. Transverse supports with row height of floating reinforced the ship on the sides. Particularly solid logs consolidated the mast.
The square sails were fixed at the mast. The crew could use the oars when time was calm or when there was a violent one head wind.
The period Viking saw the construction of various types of boats. There were those intended for the engagements, being able to place an important crew and to go quickly. There were also the boats built for the trade and for which speed had less importance. They were more roomy, in order to be able to contain a greater loading. These boats were not made to contain many men crew and they were adapted to the sailing rather than with navigation with oars.
The advent of Christianity
Forwardings Vikings were done less frequent as from the year approximately 1000. The Vikings had become Christian and their conversion was a brake with their desires of plundering. Denmark, Sweden and Norway had become distinct kingdoms, generally plain under the authority of the same monarch. The life was not always calm, even in the Christian kingdoms, but the wars were the fact of the changes of alliances between kings.
The States could guerroyer, but the time of the private wars had passed, as had passed that of colonization. The trade established for the period Viking continued and the Scandinavian countries became a part of Christian Europe.
Arne Emil Christensen, author of this article, is a Doctor of Philosophy and Conservative as a chief of the University Museum of the National antiquities in Oslo. It specialized in the history of the shipbuilding and the trades of the craft industry at the Age of Iron.

"When I call you a whore, that's just me bein a bi...

2006-02-20T19:45:00.000-08:00

"When I call you a whore, that's just me bein a bitch"
WTS??? Right on, so Im up once again in the wee am hours and Im bored. Watchin Sleepers on HBO, talkin to James and Manda, and that's about it. Rah.

Ok, so funniest damn thing I've heard all bloody day: and the sad part is, that its true...i enjoy shopping, and i'm good at it; i'm not supposed to be!!! i'm a guy who likes girls and big dicks!!! hahaha....ok, I had my funny haha for the day...hehe...it's all good.

Right on, there's really not so much to talk about....How's about the fact that Im actually gettin kinda sorta tired and it's night time? That's pretty sweet news...how about the fact that tomorrow Im oin to see lord of the rings? More sweet news. And sunday's party day! Woot! good times good times.

Right on, this is pointless. Im so outta here!

Stay tuned....

2006-02-17T00:06:00.000-08:00

Stay tuned...